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Turquoise parrot

Neophema pulchella · also called Turquoisine, Turquoisine parakeet, Turk, Turquoise grass parakeet

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Turquoise parrot

The turquoise parrot is a small, jewel-toned Australian grass parakeet, the male bright green above with a turquoise-blue face and shoulder and a chestnut wing patch, the female softer and duller. Quiet, gentle, and easy to keep, it is one of the most popular Neophema (grass) parakeets in aviculture, available in many color mutations.

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Quick facts

SizeSmall grass parakeet ~20 cm long; ~37-44 g
Lifespan10–18 years
Social needspair
Native regionEastern Australia (open grassy woodland and forest edges of inland New South Wales, southern Queensland, and north-easte
OriginOld World
Climate🍂 Temperate
FamilyPsittaculidae
GenusNeophema

Part of the Australian grass parrots

Slender, ground-foraging Australian parrots (Polytelis, Neophema, Psephotus and allies) of grasslands and open woodland; mostly gentle, quiet aviary birds that graze on seeding grasses and need length to fly.

Red-rumped parrotSuperb parrot

Habitat & space requirements

From the minimum an animal needs to be kept humanely, up to the ideal setup. Bigger is almost always better — minimums are floors, not targets.

Photo coming soon
Minimum

Pair flight cage

48 × 24 × 30 in, bar spacing 1/2 in

Small Australian grass parrot — keep as compatible pairs. Provide horizontal flight, varied natural perches, ground feeding area (they feed on the ground in the wild), and a draft-free room. Turquoise parrots are quiet and gentle.

Photo coming soon
Recommended

Long flight cage or indoor flight

72 × 30 × 36 in flight cage

Six-ft horizontal flight gives real flying length, foraging on the ground, and a calm setting. Avoid mixing with aggressive parakeet species during breeding season.

Photo coming soon
Ideal

Outdoor aviary

10 × 3 × 6 ft outdoor aviary

Walk-in planted aviary with frost-free shelter, ground-foraging substrate, and bathing. Turquoise parrots breed reliably and look stunning in spacious aviary life.

Life & growth stages

How this animal changes through its life — each stage often has its own care, diet and space needs.

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Egg

Birds develop inside a hard-shelled egg incubated by the parent(s). Egg size, shell color, and clutch size vary by species; the embryo develops over days to weeks before hatching.

Photo coming soon
Hatchling / Chick

Hatchlings are either altricial — naked, blind, and dependent on parents (typical of parrots and songbirds) — or precocial — downy, mobile, and self-feeding soon after hatching (typical of poultry and waterfowl). Down gives way to the first feathers.

Photo coming soon
Juvenile / Fledgling

Fledglings grow in their juvenile plumage and begin to fly and feed themselves, though they may still beg from parents at first. Juvenile feathering is often duller than the adult and is replaced as the bird matures.

Adult stage
Adult

Adults attain full body size and mature plumage, and are capable of breeding. Many species show distinct adult coloration, and in sexually dimorphic birds males and females differ in plumage, size, or markings.

(c) Will Cornwell, some rights reserved (CC BY) via iNaturalist — https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/340105450

Color & pattern variants

Natural variants occur in the wild; selectively bred (man-made) variants were developed in captivity.

Natural
Red-fronted / Red-belliedrepresentative

Red-fronted / Red-bellied

CommonBeginner

Some wild and bred males show an extended red patch across the belly/breast; selective breeding has fixed strongly red-bellied lines.

Tip: Red expression is largely a cock-bird trait — pair a heavily red-bellied male to unrelated hens to build the line, and feed a varied seed/softfood diet so the red doesn't wash out.

Selectively bred (man-made)
Yellow (Opaline)representative

Yellow (Opaline)

CommonBeginner

A widespread mutation producing a predominantly yellow bird, often with red wing/belly markings intensified; one of the most popular turquoisine morphs.

Tip: Opaline is sex-linked recessive — a single split-cock paired to a hen lets you sex visual-yellow hens at fledging, which simplifies pairing for beginners.

Piedrepresentative

Pied

UncommonIntermediate

An irregular mutation producing patches of yellow/pale feathering scattered through the green plumage.

Tip: Pied is variable and not health-linked, but avoid pairing two heavily-marked pieds repeatedly — over-selection for maximum pied can reduce fledging vigor in some lines.

Cinnamonrepresentative

Cinnamon

UncommonBeginner

A sex-linked dilution turning black melanin to warm brown and softening the overall coloration.

Tip: Cinnamon chicks have plum-colored (not black) eyes in the nest, letting you ID them early; the diluted plumage fades faster in sun, so shade the aviary's perching zone.

Lutinorepresentative

Lutino

UncommonIntermediate

A sex-linked mutation removing melanin to leave a yellow bird with red/orange markings and red eyes.

Tip: Red-eyed lutinos are light-sensitive — provide a fully shaded section of the aviary and avoid bright direct sun on the cage to protect their vision.

Blue (Parblue / Aqua)representative

Blue (Parblue / Aqua)

RareIntermediate

A recessive structural mutation removing yellow pigment so the green turns to aqua/blue tones, with the red markings reduced to pale or white.

Tip: True blue is recessive and still scarce in this species — keep meticulous split records, as visually green carriers are the only way to expand the limited gene pool.

Habitat & enclosure

A small, active flier best kept in a planted or suspended aviary at least 2.5-3 m (8-10 ft) long with a dry, draft-free shelter; length matters more than height. They are hardy in temperate climates once acclimatized but are sensitive to cold damp, so provide frost protection and a sheltered roost. Cage housing is possible for the largest flight cages with daily flight time, but aviary life suits them best. House one pair per aviary, as males can be aggressive toward conspecifics, especially when breeding.

Substrate

In flight/planted aviaries use a well-drained sand or gravel floor (or managed earth) kept dry and raked to limit parasite buildup; suspended wire-floor aviaries greatly reduce worm and protozoal load and are popular for Neophemas. For cage/indoor holding, plain paper liners ease cleaning and droppings monitoring.

Equipment & setup

A long aviary or large flight cage with a dry, draft-free shelter; varied natural-branch perches; seed and soft-food dishes, clean water, and a shallow bathing dish (they love to bathe); cuttlebone, mineral block, and fine grit; foraging and browse such as seeding grasses and fresh non-toxic branches. A nest box (~15 x 15 x 25-30 cm) with shavings is added for breeding pairs. UVB lighting benefits indoor birds.

Diet

Feed a specialised small-grass-parakeet/Neophema seed mix (white, red and Japanese millets, plain canary, panicum, with only small amounts of oily seed) plus generous sprouted seed, seeding grasses, and fresh greens such as chickweed, dandelion, and silverbeet, with vegetables (carrot, leafy greens) and a little fruit (apple). A small-parrot pellet can be offered. Provide soft/egg food during breeding. Cuttlebone, mineral block, and fine grit should be available. Avoid avocado and other toxic foods.

Behavior & temperament

Quiet, gentle, and undemanding, with soft twittering calls that make them ideal where noise is a concern. They are not typically kept as hand-tame pets but aviary birds become calm and confiding, and they enjoy bathing. They forage actively on the ground for seeds. Males can be territorial and aggressive toward other turquoise parrots, so keep a single true pair per aviary; multiple males or mixed pairs in one flight often leads to fighting.

Health

Generally healthy and easy, but as ground-feeders they are prone to intestinal worms and protozoal infections in earth-floored aviaries, so regular worming and fecal checks are recommended. They are somewhat susceptible to cold-damp respiratory and fungal problems, so keep housing dry. Watch diet to avoid obesity. Quarantine new arrivals for PBFD and other psittacine viruses. UVB or natural sunlight supports calcium/vitamin D.

Tips, DIY & hacks

An excellent beginner aviary species: hardy, quiet, prolific, and available in beautiful mutations. Offer plenty of seeding grasses and ground foraging, keep the floor dry, and worm regularly if kept over earth. Strictly one pair per aviary prevents male aggression. Suspended aviaries make hygiene and parasite control easy. Provide a bath; turquoise parrots bathe readily and benefit from it.

Sources

  1. Turquoise Parrot – BirdLife DataZone species factsheet (encyclopedia)
  2. Turquoise parrot – Wikipedia (reference)
  3. Wikipedia: Turquoise parrot (wiki)