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Anthelia (Waving Hand Polyps)

Anthelia glauca · also called Waving Hand Coral, Waving Hand Polyps, Anthelia Polyps, Pom-Pom Xenia (misnomer)

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Anthelia (Waving Hand Polyps)

A fast-growing soft coral whose tall, feathery eight-tentacled polyps wave constantly in the current, resembling tiny waving hands. Unlike Xenia, its polyps rise directly from an encrusting mat rather than a stalk, and it is hardy enough to become invasive within the aquarium.

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Quick facts

SizePolyps 2-5 cm tall with feathery eight-pinnate tentacles; colonies form spreading mats over rock
Lifespan5–20 years
Social needsgroup
Native regionIndo-Pacific reefs, including the Red Sea, Indonesia, and the western Pacific
OriginOld World
Climate🌴 Tropical
Water type🌊 Marine
FamilyXeniidae
GenusAnthelia

Part of the Soft Corals

Soft corals such as leathers, colt, cloves, Anthelia, gorgonians and Sympodium. Non-skeletal octocorals with flexible, often swaying colonies and eight-tentacled polyps; mostly hardy, beginner-friendly reef corals driven by photosynthesis and tolerant of a wide range of light, flow and nutrients.

Cabbage Leather CoralClove PolypsColt CoralDevil's Hand LeatherFinger leather coralGorgonian Sea FanGreen star polypsKenya tree coralMushroom coralPulsing xeniaSympodium (Blue Clove Polyps)Toadstool leather coralZoanthids

Habitat & space requirements

From the minimum an animal needs to be kept humanely, up to the ideal setup. Bigger is almost always better — minimums are floors, not targets.

Photo coming soon
Minimum

Stable nano reef

10+ gal / SG 1.025 / Alk 8-9 dKH / NO3 5-15 ppm

Hardy soft coral — fine in a stable nano reef with low–medium light and gentle flow. Place low/mid; tolerates higher nutrients than SPS. Anthelia (Waving Hand Polyps) extend in moderate flow — pulse less than xenia but spread fast.

Photo coming soon
Recommended

Established 30-gal reef

30+ gal / cycled 6+ mo / Alk 8-9 / Ca 420-440

Established 30+ gal reef with stable lighting + mid flow. Photosynthetic; no target feeding required. Frag-friendly — grows fast.

Photo coming soon
Ideal

Mature mixed reef

75+ gal / show-quality stability

Mature 75+ gal mixed reef. Tolerant species like this can compete chemically with neighbours (e.g. xenia, GSP spread fast) — give space or contain on isolated rock. Anthelia (Waving Hand Polyps) extend in moderate flow — pulse less than xenia but spread fast.

Life & growth stages

How this animal changes through its life — each stage often has its own care, diet and space needs.

Photo coming soon
Planula larva

Corals begin as a free-swimming planula larva released into the water column after spawning or brooding. The tiny, ciliated larva drifts and swims until it finds suitable hard substrate to settle on.

Photo coming soon
Single polyp

Once settled, the larva metamorphoses into a single founding polyp that secretes a calcium-carbonate (or proteinaceous) base and extends a ring of tentacles to feed. Reef-building corals begin laying down skeleton at this stage.

Mature colony stage
Mature colony

The founding polyp buds asexually into a colony of many genetically identical polyps, building the species' characteristic growth form — branching, plating, encrusting, or massive. A mature colony can reproduce and contributes to reef structure.

Color & pattern variants

Natural variants occur in the wild; selectively bred (man-made) variants were developed in captivity.

Natural
White/Glaucous Antheliarepresentative

White/Glaucous Anthelia

The common pale white-to-grey form (A. glauca) with translucent feathery polyps.

Green Antheliarepresentative

Green Anthelia

A greenish-tinted morph that shows mild fluorescence under blue lighting.

Pink Waving Hand Antheliarepresentative

Pink Waving Hand Anthelia

CommonBeginner

A pink-toned form of Anthelia with very long stalks and feathery polyps once given proper flow, frequently cited as one of the fastest-growing corals in the hobby. The pink coloration is most visible in the stems and polyp bases.

Tip: Give it room to spread and provide variable flow so the long stalks elongate and wave; it tolerates a wide range of light from low to fairly high. Because it grows explosively, isolate it on its own rock if you do not want it overtaking the tank.

Blue Waving Hand Antheliarepresentative

Blue Waving Hand Anthelia

CommonBeginner

A blue-toned color form of Anthelia with the same long, eight-armed feathery polyps that wave in the flow. The bluish cast sets it apart from the more common pink, tan, and brown mats.

Tip: Mount low under modest light with gentle-to-moderate alternating flow; very intense light can wash out the blue tone, so keep it shaded relative to SPS placements. Like all Anthelia it is hardy and spreads quickly, so give it space.

Blue Long Stem Waving Handrepresentative

Blue Long Stem Waving Hand

UncommonBeginner

A blue-colored Anthelia imported and graded specifically as a long-stemmed form, with tall stalks topped by waving polyps that give pronounced movement. The long stems make it one of the more dramatic, taller-growing softies.

Tip: Place in an open spot with moderate variable flow so the tall stems can sway freely without being shaded or crowded by neighboring corals; medium light is sufficient.

Orange Antheliarepresentative

Orange Anthelia

RareBeginner

An uncommon orange-tinted Anthelia, where the polyps and stalks carry warm orange tones instead of the usual pink, blue, or brown. The orange form is among the harder Anthelia colors to find in the trade.

Tip: Keep under moderate light with gentle variable flow; like other Anthelia it spreads readily across the rock, so leave a buffer zone to other corals.

Selectively bred (man-made)
WWC Waving Hand Antheliarepresentative

WWC Waving Hand Anthelia

CommonBeginner

World Wide Corals' aquacultured Waving Hand Anthelia shows a soft pink, blue, and purple blended coloration across large feathery polyps that sway constantly in the current. The big eight-tentacled "hands" give it a fuller, more dramatic motion than xenia, though unlike pulsing xenia the polyps do not pulse.

Tip: Place low-to-mid on the rock or sandbed under low light (roughly 30-100 PAR) with moderate-to-high alternating/variable flow to maximize the namesake waving motion. It is extremely hardy and grows fast, so leave a buffer to neighbors as it will spread over other corals.

Habitat & enclosure

Easy in any stable, slightly nutrient-rich reef from 40 L (10 gal) up. Maintain salinity 1.024-1.026 SG, temperature 24-27 C (75-81 F), pH 8.1-8.4, alkalinity 8-11 dKH, calcium 400-450 ppm, magnesium 1250-1350 ppm. It often does best in tanks with measurable nutrients and adequate trace elements (notably iodine); pristine ULNS systems can cause it to crash. Place on an isolated rock so its mat does not overtake neighbors.

Substrate

Grows on hard surfaces — encrust onto a dedicated rock, plug, or tile and keep it physically separated from the reef. Avoid placing on sand. An isolated island rock is the recommended way to contain its creeping spread.

Equipment & setup

Provide gentle to moderate flow so the polyps can wave freely — too strong a jet flattens them, too little leads to detritus buildup. Low to moderate light (~30-120 PAR) suits it under LED or T5. Standard skimmer, heater, and a trace-element/iodine supplement round out the setup; no specialized gear is required.

Diet

Mainly photosynthetic via zooxanthellae and absorbs dissolved organic nutrients straight from the water, which is why it favors slightly dirtier tanks. Its tiny polyps capture little particulate food, so target feeding is unnecessary; maintaining trace elements and light feeding of the tank generally fuels its rapid growth.

Behavior & temperament

Peaceful with no sting or sweeper tentacles, but invasive by growth — its encrusting base spreads across the rock and can smother slower corals. The pulsing/waving motion of the polyps is normal feeding and gas-exchange behavior, not distress. Not handleable beyond fragging; mucus is harmless but gloves are still good practice.

Health

Generally bulletproof, but like its Xeniid relatives it can undergo sudden unexplained 'melts' where a colony rapidly disintegrates, often linked to swings in alkalinity, salinity, or trace elements. Polyps that stop waving and stay closed signal a parameter problem, low iodine, or irritation. Keep parameters stable and dose iodine modestly to prevent crashes.

Tips, DIY & hacks

Frag by cutting or peeling a mat-covered piece of rock and gluing it onto a new plug; it re-establishes fast. House it on an isolated rock to keep it from carpeting the tank. If polyps stop waving, check alkalinity stability and dose a little iodine. Do not confuse it with stalked Xenia — Anthelia grows from a flat mat, not individual trunks.

Sources

  1. Aquarium Corals: Selection, Husbandry, and Natural History (Eric Borneman) (reference book)
  2. Anthelia / waving hand coral care — Reef2Reef (web)
  3. World List of Octocorallia (Xeniidae, order Malacalcyonacea) — WoRMS (web)
  4. Wikipedia: Anthelia (Waving Hand Polyps) (wiki)