KinStation
Sign inSign up
← Encyclopedia
🐟 AquaticCare difficulty: AdvancedLegal complexity: Medium

Dendrophyllia (Branching Sun Coral)

Dendrophyllia fistula · also called Dendro, Branching Sun Coral, Tree Coral (azooxanthellate), Yellow Dendro

⚖️ Compare

A branching, **azooxanthellate (non-photosynthetic)** LPS coral closely related to Tubastraea sun coral, with large showy yellow-to-orange polyps. Stunning but advanced—it relies entirely on the keeper feeding every polyp.

Educational only. KinStation content is reviewed by licensed veterinarians but cannot replace an in-person exam. Always consult a licensed veterinarian or board-certified specialist for diagnosis, treatment, or any decision affecting your pet's health.

🩺 Need expert help with your dendrophyllia (branching sun coral)?

Connect with a specialist near you or ask a licensed vet — never substitute online guidance for hands-on care in an emergency.

💬 Ask a vet in the community

Quick facts

SizeBranching colonies 8-25 cm (3-10 in) tall; large fleshy polyps 1-2.5 cm across on tree-like branches.
Lifespan10–50 years
Social needsgroup
Native regionIndo-Pacific deeper reef walls, caves, and overhangs (Indian Ocean to the western Pacific)
OriginOld World
Climate🌴 Tropical
Water type🌊 Marine
FamilyDendrophylliidae
GenusDendrophyllia

Part of the LPS Corals

Large-polyp stony corals (brains, Euphyllia, Goniopora, Scolymia, Lobophyllia, Favites, Acan, Dendro, Octospawn) with fleshy polyps over a calcium-carbonate skeleton. Intermediate-care reef corals that appreciate moderate light/flow and direct feeding.

Acanthophyllia (Meat Coral)AlveoporaBlastomussaBubble coralCandy cane coralChalice coralDuncan coralElegance coralFavites (Pineapple Brain)Frogspawn coralGoniopora (Flowerpot Coral)Hammer coralLobophyllia (Lobed Brain / Meat Coral)Micromussa (Micro Lord)+7 more →

Habitat & space requirements

From the minimum an animal needs to be kept humanely, up to the ideal setup. Bigger is almost always better — minimums are floors, not targets.

Photo coming soon
Minimum

Established reef

40+ gal cycled 6+ mo / Alk 8-9 stable / Ca 420-440 / Mg 1300-1400

Advanced LPS — needs water-parameter stability + target feeding. Medium light, low flow. Newer reefers should start with hardier softies. Dendrophyllia (Branching Sun Coral) — NON-photosynthetic; daily target feeding required; specialist.

Photo coming soon
Recommended

Mature 75-gal reef

75+ gal mature reef / dosing for Alk/Ca/Mg

Mature reef with parameter dosing (2-part or kalkwasser). Target-feed mysis/PE-flake or pellet several times weekly. Spot it low/mid with calm flow.

Photo coming soon
Ideal

Show reef + dedicated feeder

120+ gal show reef / dedicated turkey-baster feeding

Show-quality mixed reef with stable parameters and structured feeding routine. Dendrophyllia (Branching Sun Coral) — NON-photosynthetic; daily target feeding required; specialist.

Life & growth stages

How this animal changes through its life — each stage often has its own care, diet and space needs.

Photo coming soon
Planula larva

Corals begin as a free-swimming planula larva released into the water column after spawning or brooding. The tiny, ciliated larva drifts and swims until it finds suitable hard substrate to settle on.

Photo coming soon
Single polyp

Once settled, the larva metamorphoses into a single founding polyp that secretes a calcium-carbonate (or proteinaceous) base and extends a ring of tentacles to feed. Reef-building corals begin laying down skeleton at this stage.

Photo coming soon
Mature colony

The founding polyp buds asexually into a colony of many genetically identical polyps, building the species' characteristic growth form — branching, plating, encrusting, or massive. A mature colony can reproduce and contributes to reef structure.

Color & pattern variants

Natural variants occur in the wild; selectively bred (man-made) variants were developed in captivity.

Natural
Yellow Dendrophylliarepresentative

Yellow Dendrophyllia

Classic bright-yellow branching colony with large open polyps—the iconic and most sought-after form.

Orange Dendrorepresentative

Orange Dendro

Warm orange polyps on branching skeleton; closely resembles and is often kept with Tubastraea sun coral.

Black Sun Coral (related Tubastraea)representative

Black Sun Coral (related Tubastraea)

A related dendrophylliid with dark body and contrasting polyps; like Dendrophyllia it is azooxanthellate and must be fed individually. Note Tubastraea is invasive outside its native range—never release it.

Orange Sun (Branching Dendro)representative

Orange Sun (Branching Dendro)

CommonAdvanced

The classic and most common form: a branching colony of fat, fleshy polyps with bright pumpkin-orange tentacles radiating from an orange skeletal base. Polyps extend fully when feeding and give the colony a glowing, sunburst look.

Tip: This is a non-photosynthetic (azooxanthellate) coral, so it is genuinely demanding: it must be target-fed meaty foods (mysis, small chopped seafood) frequently — ideally several times a week — to survive long-term. Place it in low light and moderate, indirect flow on a shaded ledge or overhang you can easily reach with a turkey baster, and feed every polyp.

Yellow Sun (Branching Dendro)representative

Yellow Sun (Branching Dendro)

UncommonAdvanced

A branching Dendrophyllia whose polyps open with soft lemon-to-canary yellow tentacles over a paler base, giving a brighter, more golden look than the orange form. Often sold simply as 'Yellow Sun Coral' or 'Yellow Branched Dendrophyllia.'

Tip: Like all sun corals, keep it in dim light with gentle-to-moderate flow and target-feed every polyp meaty foods (mysis, small chopped seafood) several times a week; a low, accessible rock spot makes spot-feeding the whole colony easier. Starved heads recede quickly, so consistency matters.

Red Sun Coral (Branching Dendro)representative

Red Sun Coral (Branching Dendro)

UncommonAdvanced

A branching Dendrophyllia with reddish-orange to red polyp coloration, deeper and warmer than the standard orange sun. Sold as multi-polyp branching colonies that show off the rich red tentacles when fully expanded.

Tip: Keep light dim and flow moderate, and feed heavily — branching reds can be large colonies, so plan to target-feed each polyp meaty foods on a regular schedule rather than relying on broadcast feeding. As with all non-photosynthetic suns, under-fed heads decline fast.

Selectively bred (man-made)
Australian Fat Head Dendrophylliarepresentative

Australian Fat Head Dendrophyllia

RareAdvanced

An especially large-polyped 'fat head' Dendrophyllia from Australian stock, with oversized, plump polyps showing bright yellow-to-orange tentacles over an orange base. The big, meaty heads make it one of the most sought-after sun corals in the hobby.

Tip: It demands nearly constant feeding in large volumes — feed the big polyps generously and often (several times a week, ideally more); pair that with shaded, low-light placement and gentle-to-moderate flow so food settles on the heads rather than being blown off.

Habitat & enclosure

Keep in an established reef aquarium with strong nutrient export to handle heavy feeding. Maintain temperature 24-27 C (75-80 F), salinity 1.025-1.026 SG, alkalinity 8-10 dKH, calcium 400-450 ppm, magnesium 1300-1400 ppm. Because it does not photosynthesize, it does **not** need bright light—mount it in a **shaded overhang, cave, or under a ledge**, in moderate flow, ideally where it won't be quickly fouled by detritus. Native to deeper, shaded, often current-swept Indo-Pacific reef walls.

Substrate

Mounted on rockwork—glued or epoxied onto a shaded ledge or the underside of an overhang. No sand contact needed; choose a placement where flow keeps the colony clean and feeding is easy to perform.

Equipment & setup

Reef system with a strong protein skimmer and robust water-change/nutrient-export routine to offset heavy feeding, multiple flow sources, heater/controller, and standard calcium/alkalinity maintenance. Lighting is for the tank/display only—Dendrophyllia itself needs little to none. A turkey baster or coral feeder for target feeding.

Diet

Entirely heterotrophic—**you must feed every polyp, ideally daily or at least 3-5x weekly**. Offer meaty foods: mysis, chopped krill/silversides, brine shrimp, and pellet foods. Polyps open in response to food in the water; many keepers 'wake' the colony with a little food scent, wait for tentacle extension, then target-feed each polyp individually. Without diligent feeding it slowly starves and recedes.

Behavior & temperament

Peaceful toward other corals (no strong sweepers), and forms an attractive branching colony of clustered polyps—so it is naturally kept as a connected group/colony rather than isolated. Polyps stay closed when no food is present and extend feeding tentacles when fed or after dark. Not handleable.

Health

Main failure mode is starvation—steady decline and tissue recession from underfeeding. Heavy feeding also demands excellent nutrient export (good skimming, water changes) to avoid algae and water-quality crashes. Susceptible to brown jelly if a polyp is injured or trapped food rots; spot-remove uneaten food. Keep detritus from settling between branches. Dip/quarantine new colonies and inspect for pests.

Tips, DIY & hacks

Commit to **frequent target feeding**—this is the single determinant of success. Place in shade/low light to discourage algae on the non-photosynthetic flesh. Feed after the polyps extend; introducing a bit of food in the water column triggers them to open. Keep up nutrient export to balance the heavy feeding. Excellent for a dedicated low-light or refugium-style display alongside Tubastraea sun coral. Note that dendrophylliids like Tubastraea (sun coral) are invasive in the Atlantic/Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico—never release any frags or water into the wild. CITES Appendix II.

Sources

  1. Aquarium Corals: Selection, Husbandry, and Natural History (Eric Borneman) (reference)
  2. Reef Builders: Feeding azooxanthellate Dendrophyllia and Tubastraea (web)