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Acropora coral

Acropora sp. · also called Acro, Staghorn coral, Table coral, Tabling acro, SPS acro

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Acropora coral

Acropora is the iconic small-polyp stony (SPS) coral and the genus most reef-keepers aspire to — fast-growing branching and tabling colonies in electric blues, greens and reds. They demand pristine, ultra-stable water and high light/flow, making them an advanced coral that defines a 'true SPS reef'.

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Quick facts

SizeBranching/tabling colony with tiny polyps; frags start ~2-5 cm and mature colonies reach 15-40+ cm; distinguished by a single axial corallite at each branch tip
Lifespan5–100 years
Social needssolo
Native regionIndo-Pacific
OriginOld World
Climate🌴 Tropical
Water type🌊 Marine
FamilyAcroporidae
GenusAcropora

Part of the SPS Corals

Small-polyp stony corals — fast-growing branching corals demanding strong light & flow.

Acan coralBirdsnest coralCyphastreaFavia coralLeptoserisMontipora coralPavona (cactus / potato chip coral)Plate coralPocillopora (cauliflower coral)Psammocora (sandpaper coral)Stylophora (cat's paw / club finger)

Habitat & space requirements

From the minimum an animal needs to be kept humanely, up to the ideal setup. Bigger is almost always better — minimums are floors, not targets.

Photo coming soon
Minimum

Mature established reef

40+ gal cycled 1+ yr / Alk 7.5-8.5 SHOULDN'T SWING / NO3 1-5 / PO4 0.03-0.05

SPS — ADVANCED. Tank must be 12+ months old with NO parameter swings (alkalinity swings cause STN/RTN). High light, strong random flow. Many beginners lose these. Acropora — the iconic SPS. STN/RTN risk from any parameter swing; only place in mature reefs > 12 months old.

Photo coming soon
Recommended

Stable SPS-grade reef

75+ gal SPS reef / 2-part or calc-reactor / wave maker

SPS-grade 75+ gal reef with active dosing + tightly stable parameters + high PAR (300-450) + chaotic flow. ULNS (ultra-low-nutrient) keepers run lower NO3/PO4 but the system must be stable.

Photo coming soon
Ideal

Mature SPS-dominant show reef

120+ gal SPS show reef / calc reactor + apex monitoring

Mature SPS-dominant show reef with automated dosing, real-time parameter monitoring, calcium reactor or ESV/2-part on apex, full coral spectrum lighting, chaotic gyre flow. Acropora — the iconic SPS. STN/RTN risk from any parameter swing; only place in mature reefs > 12 months old.

Life & growth stages

How this animal changes through its life — each stage often has its own care, diet and space needs.

Photo coming soon
Planula larva

Corals begin as a free-swimming planula larva released into the water column after spawning or brooding. The tiny, ciliated larva drifts and swims until it finds suitable hard substrate to settle on.

Photo coming soon
Single polyp

Once settled, the larva metamorphoses into a single founding polyp that secretes a calcium-carbonate (or proteinaceous) base and extends a ring of tentacles to feed. Reef-building corals begin laying down skeleton at this stage.

Mature colony stage
Mature colony

The founding polyp buds asexually into a colony of many genetically identical polyps, building the species' characteristic growth form — branching, plating, encrusting, or massive. A mature colony can reproduce and contributes to reef structure.

Color & pattern variants

Natural variants occur in the wild; selectively bred (man-made) variants were developed in captivity.

Natural
Staghorn / Table Acropora (growth forms)representative

Staghorn / Table Acropora (growth forms)

Natural growth morphologies range from open branching 'staghorn' to flat horizontal 'tables' and bushy 'bottlebrush' forms depending on species and conditions.

Green Slimer (Acropora yongei)representative

Green Slimer (Acropora yongei)

CommonIntermediate

A bright neon-green encrusting/branching staghorn-type acro, famously fast-growing and forgiving. The classic 'starter SPS' for new reefers.

Tip: Use this as your acro test piece before buying expensive colonies — give high flow and PAR 200-300, and if the Slimer thrives for a few months your tank is ready for pricier acros.

Tricolor / Tricolor Valida (Acropora valida)representative

Tricolor / Tricolor Valida (Acropora valida)

CommonIntermediate

A classic acro with green body, purple/blue branch tips and contrasting yellow-tipped corallites. A long-standing hobby staple known for hardiness among acros.

Tip: Mount in strong turbulent flow to keep detritus off the branches — valida tolerates a range of light but needs vigorous flow to prevent algae and tissue death in the branch crotches.

Pink/Purple Stylophora-tip 'Strawberry Shortcake' (Acropora microclados)representative

Pink/Purple Stylophora-tip 'Strawberry Shortcake' (Acropora microclados)

RareAdvanced

A pink-bodied tabling acro with blue corallites, one of the most iconic and demanding named acros in the trade. Notorious for needing high, stable light to hold its pink.

Tip: Place high under high PAR (250-350) with intense flow and ultra-stable alk — 'SSC' browns out or RTNs at the first nutrient or alkalinity swing, so dose consistently and quarantine for AEFW.

Red Planet (Acropora millepora)representative

Red Planet (Acropora millepora)

RareAdvanced

A milli with a green body and striking red-pink corallites that 'pop' like planets across the surface. A staple of high-end frag collections.

Tip: Millepora demands strong steady flow from multiple directions and high light to keep the red corallites saturated — stagnant spots cause patchy tissue loss between the corallites.

Bali/German 'Slimer' & Staghorn forms (Acropora formosa/muricata)representative

Bali/German 'Slimer' & Staghorn forms (Acropora formosa/muricata)

CommonIntermediate

Open-branched staghorn acros in blue, purple, or brown, among the fastest-growing and most beginner-tolerant of the genus. Often the 'frame' coral for an SPS-dominated aquascape.

Tip: Give these room to grow — staghorns extend branches fast and will shade and overtake slower acros, so leave generous space and prune/frag the tips to control the colony.

Strawberry Shortcake (SSC) Acroporarepresentative

Strawberry Shortcake (SSC) Acropora

RareAdvanced

An Acropora microclados with a pink-to-red body and contrasting blue or white polyps/tips, resembling pink frosting with sprinkles.

Tip: Needs intense light (PAR 300+) and strong flow to keep the pink saturated; insufficient light turns it brown, too much can bleach the tips.

Red Dragon Acroporarepresentative

Red Dragon Acropora

RareAdvanced

An Acropora carduus ('deepwater'-type) with a deep red/maroon body and bright green polyps, growing into a fast, bushy thicket.

Tip: Demands high PAR and strong flow to deepen the red; under weak light it browns out quickly. Keep alkalinity rock-steady to avoid tip burn.

Pink Lemonade Acroporarepresentative

Pink Lemonade Acropora

RareAdvanced

An Acropora with a soft pink body and yellow/green polyps, evoking the pink-lemonade color pairing.

Tip: Strong light and flow bring out both the pink body and yellow polyps; lower light washes it toward dull tan.

Tierra del Fuego (TDF) Acroporarepresentative

Tierra del Fuego (TDF) Acropora

RareAdvanced

A colorful Acropora with a fiery red/orange-to-violet body and contrasting blue or green polyps and tips; coloration shifts toward violet under stronger light.

Tip: High light maintains the fire/violet color; pair with strong turbulent flow and stable parameters.

Pikachu Acroporarepresentative

Pikachu Acropora

RareAdvanced

A yellow-bodied Acropora (commonly identified as A. microclados, sometimes A. anthocercis) with contrasting blue or purple polyps, named for its Pikachu-yellow coloration.

Tip: Give high light and turbulent flow to hold the electric yellow body; it prefers exposed, well-lit placement.

Strawberry Shortcakerepresentative

Strawberry Shortcake

CommonAdvanced

A classic tabling/branching Acropora with a neon green-to-blue base and bright pink-to-red corallites and polyps that pop against it.

Tip: Give it high light (PAR ~350-450) and strong flow up in the rockwork; the pink corallites color up best under intense lighting.

WWC Red Shortcakerepresentative

WWC Red Shortcake

RareAdvanced

An Australian Shortcake-type Acropora that develops baby-blue base pigments with pink branch stems, corallites and pink-tentacled polyps.

Tip: Mount high under strong light and brisk flow; the blue base and pink contrast intensify with higher PAR.

Oregon Tortrepresentative

Oregon Tort

UncommonAdvanced

A deep, uniform navy-blue *Acropora tortuosa* with tubular, irregular radial corallites and a notably slow, dense growth habit — often called the bluest acro you can buy.

Tip: A slow grower that holds its blue best under moderate-to-high light; give it a stable spot with strong flow and be patient (it speeds up once established).

Miyagi Tortrepresentative

Miyagi Tort

UncommonAdvanced

A tortuosa-type Acropora with deep blue-to-violet/purple branches, bright neon green polyps and icy pastel tips.

Tip: Holds its blue/violet color best under high light; place high with strong, turbulent flow for tight branching and clean axial tips.

GARF Bonsairepresentative

GARF Bonsai

CommonAdvanced

A compact, twiggy 'bonsai' Acropora (most often considered *Acropora valida*) with blue-violet branches and neon green polyps, named for its dense, miniature growth form.

Tip: Grows best in moderate-to-high light (PAR ~200-250) and moderate-to-high flow; acclimate carefully and leave it put, as it can take months to resume normal growth after a move.

Cotton Candy Tenuisrepresentative

Cotton Candy Tenuis

RareAdvanced

A pastel *Acropora tenuis* in soft pink-and-blue 'cotton candy' tones with contrasting corallites.

Tip: Place high under strong light and flow; the pastel pinks and blues hold best under intense, stable lighting.

Vivid's Bali Shortcakerepresentative

Vivid's Bali Shortcake

UncommonAdvanced

A Bali-sourced Shortcake-type *Acropora latistella* with purple/blue branches, yellow-green growth tips and pink/rosy corallites — a Vivid Aquariums grow-out of the Bali Shortcake color form.

Tip: Mount on an exposed ledge with moderate-to-high flow and bright light (PAR ~350-450) to bring out the tricolor contrast.

Selectively bred (man-made)
Named designer acros (e.g. ORA, Tyree, WWC morphs)representative

Named designer acros (e.g. ORA, Tyree, WWC morphs)

Aquacultured, line-grown colour selections with hobby trade names (e.g. 'Strawberry Shortcake', 'Walt Disney', 'Red Dragon') chosen for vivid colour and grown out as frags.

Walt Disney (Acropora tenuis)representative

Walt Disney (Acropora tenuis)

Ultra-rareAdvanced

A legendary multi-color tenuis (pink/green/blue/yellow speckling) that became one of the highest-value named acros in the hobby. Almost all pieces in the trade are maricultured/fragged from famous mother colonies.

Tip: Acclimate light very slowly and keep nutrients in a tight low-but-not-zero range — WD shows its full rainbow only under high-end blue-heavy LED/T5, and bottomed-out nutrients pale it to white.

Garf Bonsai (Acropora sp.)representative

Garf Bonsai (Acropora sp.)

UncommonAdvanced

A famous hobby-line bonsai-form acro with pink polyps on dense compact branches, propagated within the hobby for decades. Valued as a hardy 'collector' acro that took to captive conditions well.

Tip: Its dense branching traps detritus — aim strong intermittent (gyre/wave) flow directly through the colony and blow it off during maintenance to prevent the inner branches from browning.

Oregon Tort (Oregon Blue Tortuosa)representative

Oregon Tort (Oregon Blue Tortuosa)

UncommonAdvanced

An Acropora tortuosa famous for its deep true-blue branches, forming a dense bushy colony — one of the great workhorse 'gateway SPS' acros.

Tip: Adaptable but colors best high in the tank under strong light and flow; an excellent first acro because the blue holds across a range of conditions. Slow to start, then faster once established.

Rainbow Tenuisrepresentative

Rainbow Tenuis

RareAdvanced

An Acropora tenuis displaying a blend of green, yellow, pink, and blue across the body and tips — a true multicolor tenuis.

Tip: High light and turbulent flow near the top of the tank; tenuis types are relatively forgiving acros, but the full rainbow only shows under strong, stable lighting.

Cali Tort (California Blue Tortuosa)representative

Cali Tort (California Blue Tortuosa)

UncommonAdvanced

An Acropora tortuosa with bright blue to blue-green corallites and branches, forming a tight, branchy colony.

Tip: Hardy and fast under strong SPS lighting and flow; like the Oregon Tort it's a great early acro that holds color across conditions.

Jason Fox Homewrecker / Miyagi Tortrepresentative

Jason Fox Homewrecker / Miyagi Tort

RareAdvanced

Jason Fox signature acros: 'Homewrecker' is a brilliant electric-green-and-purple Acropora tenuis, and the 'Miyagi Tort' is a teal-green tortuosa with blue tips.

Tip: Top-third placement under high PAR and strong flow; these vendor pieces color up best in mature, stable SPS systems.

Pink Cadillac Acroporarepresentative

Pink Cadillac Acropora

UncommonAdvanced

A dark-pink Acropora with yellowish undertones and brighter pink polyps, forming a sturdy, fast-growing colony — an 'OG' collector acro.

Tip: High light is essential to keep the pink from fading to brown; strong flow and stable alkalinity prevent tissue recession.

Walt Disneyrepresentative

Walt Disney

Ultra-rareAdvanced

A legendary *Acropora tenuis* with a green base, yellow-orange polyps, orange-to-pink radial corallites and bright blue axial growth tips, often described as a living rainbow across the colony.

Tip: Place high in the tank under strong, blue-heavy light (PAR ~350-450) with turbulent flow. The rainbow colors pop hardest under heavy actinic/blue spectrum; under plain daylight it looks comparatively plain.

Jason Fox Homewreckerrepresentative

Jason Fox Homewrecker

Ultra-rareAdvanced

The infamous neon *Acropora tenuis* that helped launch the bright-tenuis craze, glowing neon green with blue tips and bright neon pink corallites.

Tip: Wants the upper third of the tank at PAR ~300-400 with moderate-to-high turbulent flow and heavy blue light to hold its neon colors.

Tyree Pink Lemonaderepresentative

Tyree Pink Lemonade

UncommonAdvanced

A contrasting Acropora with lemon-yellow to neon green branches and bright pink polyps.

Tip: A relatively slow grower; give it moderate-to-high light and flow to bring out the yellow branches and pink polyps, and be patient as it establishes.

Jackson's Rainbow Tenuisrepresentative

Jackson's Rainbow Tenuis

RareAdvanced

A blue *Acropora tenuis* that developed striking red polyps and pink corallites over generations of captive growth.

Tip: Colors up best under intense lighting (the original showed its best red under 20K Radium metal halides at PAR ~500-600); give high light and strong flow up high, and allow time for the red/pink corallites to emerge.

Red Planetrepresentative

Red Planet

CommonAdvanced

A tabling Acropora with a metallic green base and deep red-to-pink corallites and polyps, with light pink-to-white new growth.

Tip: Mount up high for strong light and flow; the red corallites darken and the green base brightens under high PAR.

Hawkins Echinatarepresentative

Hawkins Echinata

UncommonAdvanced

A blue-and-green bottlebrush Acropora long sold as an 'echinata,' with delicate axial growth and bright bluish corallites.

Tip: Under lower light the blue and green intensify; under high light it grows faster but turns more monochrome, so dial light to taste with strong flow.

ORA Pearlberryrepresentative

ORA Pearlberry

UncommonAdvanced

A delicate branching Acropora with a pearlescent white-to-lavender background, greenish corallites and lavender tips that can fluoresce under actinic light.

Tip: Give it bright light and place it high with moderate-to-strong flow; under good conditions it grows quickly. Keep parameters stable as it establishes.

JF Fox Flamerepresentative

JF Fox Flame

RareAdvanced

A fiery Jason Fox Acropora in red, pink and green tones with yellow growth tips.

Tip: Wants medium-to-high light and high flow; note that too-high PAR can make the yellow tips fade and brown the base, so dial light to keep the colors.

CC Pink Highlighter Tenuisrepresentative

CC Pink Highlighter Tenuis

RareAdvanced

A Cherry Corals *Acropora tenuis* in a glowing highlighter-pink with green-blue and purple accents, fluorescing intensely under blue light.

Tip: Place high under heavy blue-spectrum light and strong flow to maximize its highlighter-pink fluorescence.

Habitat & enclosure

Place in the **mid to high** zone in **strong, turbulent flow** that keeps polyps clean and feeds the tissue, and under **high light, roughly 200-400+ PAR**. Each branch carries a distinctive **axial corallite** at its tip. Acropora live or die on water stability: SG ~1.025, 76-80°F, pH 8.1-8.4, **Ca 420-450 ppm, Alk 7.5-9 dKH (held rock-steady), Mg 1300-1400 ppm**, with low and stable nitrate/phosphate (small, non-zero levels are healthier than bone-dry). Alkalinity swings are the classic killer — many SPS keepers run alk at the lower-middle of that range precisely because it is easier to hold steady.

Substrate

Glue frags to live rock or a frag plug/disc with reef gel glue; mount securely in the flow path. They encrust onto the rock and build the reef structure — no sand contact.

Equipment & setup

Requires strong reef lighting with high PAR (~200-400+; quality LED/T5/metal halide), powerful turbulent flow from multiple powerheads or a gyre, and an efficient protein skimmer. **Automated, precise dosing of Calcium, Alkalinity and Magnesium (2-part, kalkwasser, or a calcium reactor) is essential** to hold alkalinity dead steady.

Diet

Primarily photosynthetic through dense zooxanthellae, supplemented by capturing dissolved nutrients and fine particulates. They benefit from amino acids, phytoplankton, and fine coral foods, but feeding is secondary to **light, flow and rock-solid chemistry** for SPS health and colour.

Behavior & temperament

A colony is one organism that grows fast under good conditions. Acropora are not heavy stingers compared to LPS but will compete for space and overshadow slower neighbours; give frags room to grow. Many host **commensal 'acro crabs' (Tetralia/Trapezia)** and gall crabs that defend the colony — a natural, beneficial relationship. They do not host clownfish.

Health

Acropora are the poster children for **RTN (Rapid Tissue Necrosis)** and **STN (Slow Tissue Necrosis)** — tissue sloughing off the skeleton, often triggered by alkalinity swings, shipping stress or pests. The signature pest is **AEFW (Acropora-Eating Flatworm)** plus **red acro-eating bugs** and **acropora-eating nudibranchs**; bite marks and bleached patches are warning signs. Always **dip and inspect** before adding any acro. Bleaching follows light shock or unstable parameters.

Tips, DIY & hacks

**Never skip dipping/quarantine** — a coral dip (e.g. Bayer or iodine-based) plus a bare-bottom QT to spot AEFW eggs prevents tank-wide disasters. Acclimate to your light slowly to avoid bleaching. Frag with bone cutters or a saw, glue the cut frag to a plug, and watch for the axial tip to re-form as a growth sign.

Sources

  1. Acropora — WoRMS (World Register of Marine Species) (reference)
  2. Acropora SPS Care & AEFW Prevention — Reef2Reef (care guide)